The Children of Adam and Eve

WHOSYERDAD-E Who's Your Daddy?
Wikigenealogy

Elizabeth I Queen of England, 15331603 (aged 69 years)

Name
Elizabeth I // Queen of England
Given names
Elizabeth I
Name suffix
Queen of England
Family with parents
father
mother
Anne Boleyn, second wife of Henry VIII of England. Later copy of an original portrait which was painted in about 1534.
15011536
Birth: between 1501 and 1507 30 27 Kent, England
Death: 19 May 1536Tower Hill, London Borough of Tower Hamlets, London, England
Marriage Marriage25 January 1533
8 months
herself
15331603
Birth: 7 September 1533 42 32 London, England
Death: 23 March 1603London, England
11 months
younger sibling
3 years
younger brother
Father’s family with Catherine
father
father’s ex-wife
Marriage Marriage11 June 1509
Annulment Annulment
8 months
half-sister
11 months
half-brother
3 years
half-brother
14 months
half-brother
16 months
half-sister
15161558
Birth: 18 February 1516 24 30 London, England
Death: 17 November 1558London, England
3 years
half-sister
Father’s family with Jane Seymour
father
father’s ex-wife
Marriage Marriage1536
Divorce Divorce
22 months
half-brother
15371553
Birth: 12 October 1537 46 28 London Borough of Richmond upon Thames, London, England
Death: 5 July 1553Greenwich, Royal Borough of Greenwich, London, England
Father’s family with Anne of Cleves
father
father’s ex-wife
Marriage Marriage1540
Divorce Divorce
Father’s family with Catherine (Katherine or Katheryn) Howard
father
father’s ex-wife
Catherine Howard, fifth wife of Henry VIII of England
15241542
Birth: about 1524 46
Death: 13 February 1542Tower Hill, London Borough of Tower Hamlets, London, England
Marriage Marriage28 July 1540
Divorce Divorce
Father’s family with Catherine (Katherine, Kateryn or Katheryne) Parr
father
stepmother
Queen Consort of England and Ireland (1543-1547)
15121548
Birth: 1512 19 Blackfriars, City of London, London, England
Death: 5 September 1548Sudeley, Gloucestershire, England
Marriage Marriage1543
Father’s family with Elizabeth Blount
father
father’s partner
half-brother
Henry FitzRoy Duke of Richmond & Somerset
15191536
Birth: 15 June 1519 27 17 Blackmore, Essex, England
Death: 23 July 1536Thetford, Norfolk, England
Birth
Birth of a sibling
Death of a sibling
Birth of a brother
Death of a brother
Marriage of a parent
Death of a mother
Address: Tower of London, Tower Hill, London Borough of Tower Hamlets, London, England.
Death of a half-brother
Birth of a half-brother
Address: Hampton Court Palace, London Borough of Richmond upon Thames, London, England.
Death of a maternal grandmother
Death of a maternal grandfather
Marriage of a parent
Marriage of a parent
Marriage of a parent
Death of a father
Cause: Overwieght, he suffered from gout and other diseases that may have led to his eventual death.
Address: The Palace of Whitehall, Westminster, London, England.
Death of a half-brother
Death of a half-sister
Death
23 March 1603 (aged 69 years)
Unique identifier
83685AC37033D3468AA5C07B6B5C08474411
Last change
5 December 201110:12:46
Author of last change: Danny
Note

She was the last of the Tudor rulers of England. Although her legitimacy
was questioned and never settled (because an act of Parliament [1536]
invalidated the marriage of her Parents and enabled Henry to marry his
third wife, Jane Seymour), both Parliament and Henry named as heirs to
this throne his Children Edward, later Edward VI; Mary, later Mary I; and
Elizabeth, in that order.

Childhood and Accession as Queen

Elizabeth spent her Childhood away from the court and received an
excellent classical education under such scholars as Roger Ascham, who
influenced her greatly. Henry's sixth wife, Catherine Parr, later became
fond of the Young Elizabeth and Brought her back to court. She remained in
Catherine's charge after Henry's Death and took no part in the political
intrigues following the coronation of her Brother as King Edward VI. When
Edward died, Elizabeth became a partisan of her sister Mary, refusing to
support the revolt led by the English soldier and conspirator Sir Thomas
Wyatt (1521?-54) against Mary, who became queen in 1553. Nevertheless,
Mary, a devout Roman Catholic, was made uneasy by the Protestantism of
Elizabeth and her potential menace as an heir to the throne. In 1554,
Elizabeth was imprisoned on the false charge of having been implicated in
Wyatt's rebellion. She was later released, having outWardly professed
Roman Catholicism, and regained Mary's favor.

At the Death of Mary in 1558, Elizabeth became queen, beginning one of the
greatest reigns in English history. At the time of Elizabeth's accession,
England was torn by religious strife, was economically insecure, and was
involved in a disastrous war with France. To these problems Elizabeth
Brought a thorough education, innate shrewdness, and a skill in diplomacy
that she had constantly exercised during the reigns of Edward and Mary,
when one mistake might have meant her Death. Although she was excessively
vain and capricious, her monarchial duties were always her primary
concern. Her policies and her colorful personality made her extremely
popular with her subjects. Elizabeth's statecraft was due, to a great
extent, to her choice of able and wise advisers, most notably Sir Francis
Walsingham and William Cecil, 1st Baron Burghley.

Religion was Elizabeth's initial problem as queen. She reverted to
Protestantism immediately after Mary's Death, and her first Parliament
(1559) had a Protestant majority. Between 1559 and 1563, this Parliament
passed religious legislation that became the doctrinal basis of the Church
of England. In the Elizabethan Compromise (1559), the Church of England
became the established Church, and throughout Elizabeth's reign Roman
Catholics and Puritans were persecuted.

A Popular Queen

Elizabeth's domination of the period to which her name became attached was
due in part to the exuberant national spirit that she inspired and that
characterized all England during the second half of the 16th century. She
restored popular confidence in the monarchy, and a wave of prosperity
swept every Field of endeavor. With the religious question settled and the
war with France concluded by the Treaty of Cateau-Cambr?s (1559),
England was able to develop industrially and economically. Under
Elizabeth's direction, the government began to regulate commerce and
industry on a national scale. England grew to be a great maritime power
with the exploits of such mariners as Sir Francis Drake and Sir Martin
Frobisher. A new system of standard coinage was introduced in 1560 to
replace the silver coins that had been considerably debased during the
preceding three reigns. As a result, Prices fell to normal levels and
confidence in English money was restored. Foreign trade, encouraged by the
government, became a great capitalistic enterprise. The Royal Exchange of
London was opened in 1566, and the company of merchants that later became
the English East India Company was cHartered in 1600. Above all this
activity stood the figure of Elizabeth. In the eyes of her subjects,
Elizabeth was England.

From the beginning of her reign, Elizabeth's marital status was a
political concern because there was no English heir to the throne.
Parliament insistently petitioned her to marry, but she replied with the
statement that she intended to live and die a virgin, and she became known
as the Virgin Queen. Her statement did not prevent her from toying
constantly with the idea of marriage. She was besieged by royal suitors,
each of whom she favored when it was in her political interest to do so.
Her affections, However, were bestowed on a succession of favorites,
notably Robert Dudley, 1st earl of Leicester, Sir Walter Raleigh, and
Robert Devereux, 2d earl of Essex.

Elizabeth's most delicate political problem was that involving her Roman
Catholic cousin, Mary, queen of Scots. Mary sought refuge in England after
being defeated in Battle by her half Brother, James Stuart, earl of Moray
(1531?-70). Elizabeth immediately imprisoned Mary because the Catholic
monarchs of Europe and her own Catholic subjects considered Elizabeth
illegitimate. By their reasoning, Mary was the lawful queen of England.
Thus, to Elizabeth, Mary was the potential center of conspiracy. Mary was
kept captive for years, giving rise to many plots by English Catholics for
her release. When in 1586 Walsingham, then secretary of state, discovered
a plot to assassinate Elizabeth and place Mary on the throne of England,
Elizabeth reluctantly agReed to have Mary executed in 1587. The execution
had serious results. Philip II of Spain had, for years, been troubled by
the raids of English mariners on his colonial possessions. Because both
Mary and Philip were Catholic, her Death provided him with an added
stimulus to pRosecute the war with England that had been going on since
1585; he therefore sent a fleet to invade the country in 1588. The Spanish
Armada, However, suffered an inglorious defeat, and England eventually
took the place of Spain as the great colonizer of the New World and the
reigning power on the seas. Moreover, by inflicting such defeat on
Catholic Spain, England established Protestantism as a force in
international politics.

End of an Era

Elizabeth's popularity waned toWard the end of her reign because of her
heavy expenditures and abuse of royal power. Moreover, her policies became
weaker, her later ministers being less able than Cecil or Walsingham. The
close of Elizabeth's reign was disturbed by a revolt in Ireland that was
led by Hugh O'Neill. The 2d earl of Essex, Elizabeth's favorite,
unsuccessfully led an army against the Irish. When he returned to England,
he led a revolt against the queen and was executed in 1601. Following his
Death, Elizabeth was disconsolate. She spent the last years of her life
unhappy and alone, having outlived a glorious age, the beginning of the
history of what would become modern England.

In addition to being a time of political triumphs, the Elizabethan era was
notable as one of the greatest periods of English literature. Edmund
Spenser, Christopher Marlowe, and Shakespeare were only a few of the host
of writers who created their great Works under Elizabeth. The dramatic
personality of Elizabeth became the subject of a voluminous literature.