The Children of Adam and Eve

He was also duke of HeresFord and Lancaster, the first king of the house
of Lancaster. He was also known as Henry of Lancaster and Henry of
BolingBroke. From 1387 to 1390 he was a leader of the party that opposed
his cousin King Richard II. Henry subsequently fought with the Teutonic
Knights against the Lithuanians and made a pilgrimage to Jerusalem. After
his return to England he allied himself with the king. Because of a
quarrel with Thomas Mowbray, 1st duke of Norfolk, in 1398, Henry was
exiled for six years by Richard, who promised that Henry would not lose
his inheritance. When Henry's father died, However, Richard confiscated
the Lancastrian estates willed to Henry. Consequently, Henry raised an
army, invaded England, and captured Richard, who later abdicated.

In 1399 Henry was elected king by Parliament. The following year he
suppressed a revolt of nobles who supported Richard. The Scots and the
Welsh, aided by the French, then began a rebellion against the English
crown. The Scots were defeated (1402) at Humbleton Hill, but the Welsh
continued the rebellion for seven years under the leadership of the Welsh
chief Owen Glendower. In 1403 the Percy family rebelled against Henry
because they were dissatisfied with the reWards for service he had
bestowed upon them; they were defeated in the Battle of Shrewsbury in the
same year. Wars and rebellions persisted after that date but diminished in
number. During his reign Henry IV persecuted the religious sect known as
the Lollards. He was succeeded by his son, Henry V.