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Pharaoh of Egypt (1807-1803) Sobekkare Sobekneferu (Neferusobek) …, …–1802 BC?>
- Name
- Pharaoh of Egypt (1807-1803) Sobekkare Sobekneferu (Neferusobek) //
- Name prefix
- Pharaoh of Egypt (1807-1803)
- Given names
- Sobekkare Sobekneferu (Neferusobek)
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…–1802 BC
Death: 1802 BC |
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Author of last change: Danny |
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Sobekkare Sobekneferu was a pharaoh of Egypt in the 12th dynasty, second of four dynasties in the Middle Kingdom period. She was the daughter of Pharaoh Amenemhat III. Manetho states she also was the sister of Amenemhat IV, but this claim is unproven. Sobekneferu had an older sister named Nefruptah who may have been the intended heir. Neferuptah's name wasenclosed in a cartouche and she had her own pyramid at Hawara. Neferuptah died at an early age However. Sobekneferu is the first known female ruler of Egypt, although Nitocris may have ruled in the Sixth Dynasty, and there are five other women who are believed to have ruled as early as the First Dynasty. Amenemhat IV most likely died without a male heir, consequently, Amenemhat III's royal daughter Sobekneferu assumed the throne. She died without heirs and the end of her reign concluded Egypt's brilliant twelfth dynasty and the Golden Age of theMiddle Kingdom as it inaugurated the much weaker, thirteenth dynasty. Few monuments have been discovered for her, although many of her (headless) statues have been preserved including the base of a representation of a King's royal daughter that was discovered in Gezer and bears her name. It is known that she madeadditions to the funerary complex of Amenemhat III at Hawara (called a labyrinth by Herodotus) and also built structures at Herakleopolis Magna. A fine cylinder seal bearing her name and royal titulary now is located in the British Museum. Hermonumental Works consistently associate her with Amenemhat III rather than Amenemhat IV, supporting the theory that she was Amenemhat III's royal daughter and was perhaps only a stepsister of Amenemhat IV. Her tomb has not been identified positively, although she may have been interred in a pyramid complex in Mazghuna that lacks inscriptions, immediately north of a similar complex ascribed to Amenemhat IV. A place called Sekhem-Neferu is mentionedin a papyrus found at Harageh. This might be the name of her pyramid. |
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Media object
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Fragmented statue of Sobekneferu (Louvre Museum). |
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